Sweden

   Sweden has not shown monumental findings in psychology, but people from the different schools of psychology have come up with concepts and theories that everyone in the psychology field has used around the world.  One Swedish contributor of psychology is Anatol Pikas (November 29, 1928- present). He is a retired professor from the Educational Psychology Department at Uppsala University in Sweden. He is known for creating the Shared Concern Method, which is a step-by-step process on how children can deal with being bullied. The steps are as followed: (1) Do not intimidate the bully suspects; (2) Think about the bullying as a conflict between parties and find a mediator through your behavior; (3) Prepare a meeting between those involved by having the mediator negotiate with conflicting parties (4) Finally, close the agreement with a communication contract (Pikas). Uppsala University in Sweden  In short, Pikas describes that there is a conflict that exists between the bully and the one being bullied, and suggests that the two conflicting parties need to bring in a mediator to communicate and help resolve the issue. The Shared Concern Method has helped students around the world and has improved counseling at schools as a way of solving social problems among students.  Swedish psychologist, Hjalmar Sundén (1908-1993) is known for the development of the widely used “role theory” in a religious sense. He had an interest in theology, which showed when he became the first person at Uppsala University in Sweden to become the Psychology of Religion Chair. Although there are many versions of the role theory, Sundén’s development of the concept is looked at in a religious context. His role theory is based on roles that are assumed in religious texts, and how people take on these roles for themselves to become closer to the religious experiences that are told in the texts.  Many studies have been done in Sweden and by Swedish researchers. They all vary from conditioning to memory studies. But more recently, a study was conducted in Sweden, as a response to the 1995 Mental Care Reform in the country. Conductors had observed a group of severely and mentally ill individuals in a ten year period, starting from the reform in 1995 up to 2006. Researchers found that there were “more persons with a diagnosis of mood disorders or addictive problems.” The result of this study was that the groups changed and that even new groups of severely and mentally ill were appearing.  Works Cited ”.__Social Psychiatry__//.// Sept. 2008. 705-713. Research Library. EBSCOhost. Paul and Rosemary Trible Library,Newport News, VA. 21 February 2010  Pikas, Anatol. “New Developments of the Shared Concern Method” (Department of Education, Uppsala University). Abstract received February 17, 2010. From []  //Role Dynamics: An Integrative Approach to Psychology and User-Friendly Language. // (n.d.) Retrieved February 16, 2010. From <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';">[] <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';">Rigby, Ken. //The Method of Shared Concern.// November 1998. Retrieved February 15, 2010,from <span style="font-family: 'Calibri','sans-serif';">[[http://www.education.unisa.edu.au/bullying/concern.html|http://www.education.unisa.edu.au/bullying/concern.html

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